Shoulder Replacement (Arthroplasty)

Types of Shoulder Replacement Surgery

Shoulder arthroplasty procedures vary in complexity, depending on the extent of joint damage and individual patient needs. The main types include:

2. Reverse Shoulder Replacement

In a reverse shoulder arthroplasty, the positions of the ball and socket are reversed, allowing the deltoid muscle (the triangular shoulder muscle that lifts the arm) to compensate for a damaged rotator cuff. This technique is primarily used for patients with massive rotator cuff tears, cuff tear arthropathy, or previous failed shoulder surgeries, where a traditional total shoulder replacement may not provide adequate stability.

3. Partial Shoulder Replacement (Hemiarthroplasty)

A shoulder hemiarthroplasty involves replacing only the ball (humeral head) while preserving the natural socket. It is typically considered for isolated humeral head fractures or conditions affecting only the upper part of the joint, where the socket remains healthy.

4. Shoulder Resurfacing

Rather than replacing the entire joint, shoulder resurfacing involves capping the ball (humeral head) with a metal covering to preserve more natural bone. It is a less invasive option for younger or physically active patients with early-stage arthritis, potentially delaying the need for a full shoulder replacement.

---

When Is a Shoulder Replacement Considered?

Shoulder replacement surgery may be recommended if:

• Shoulder pain significantly limits daily activities, including reaching, lifting, or sleeping.
• Conservative treatments, such as physiotherapy, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or cortisone injections, no longer provide sufficient relief.
• The joint has sustained irreversible damage, such as severe cartilage loss, bone erosion, or joint deformity.
• Persistent joint instability or weakness affects arm function and mobility.

Shoulder Replacement Recovery

Recovery after shoulder replacement surgery can vary depending on the type of procedure and individual health factors. A typical recovery process can include:

Recovery Phase	Description
First 6 Weeks	The arm is immobilised using a sling during the initial recovery period. Pain management includes prescribed medications and cold therapy to reduce swelling and discomfort. Physiotherapy begins with gentle range-of-motion exercises introduced to prevent stiffness and encourage mobility.
6 to 12 Weeks	Pain and swelling typically continue to decrease. Strengthening exercises begin to restore shoulder strength and function. Joint stability improves, and patients work on regaining the ability to perform daily activities.
Beyond 3 Months	Range of motion and strength continue to improve. Most patients regain functional movement and can resume daily activities, although full recovery may take up to a year. It is important to avoid heavy lifting or high-impact movements during this period. Continued physiotherapy is necessary for strength and flexibility.

Shoulder Replacement Cost in Singapore

The cost of shoulder replacement surgery varies depending on the type of procedure and the complexity of the case. Estimated costs are as follows:

Type of Procedure	Estimated Cost (SGD)
Total Shoulder Replacement	$30,000 – $40,000
Reverse Shoulder Replacement	$30,000 – $40,000

These costs typically cover the surgery, hospital stay, and standard post-operative care. However, additional fees may apply for pre-surgical assessments, follow-up visits, and rehabilitation.

Shoulder replacement surgery in Singapore is MediSave-claimable, and Integrated Shield Plans may offer additional coverage, depending on your specific plan. Contact us to learn more about your financial options and available coverage tailored to your needs.

---

Preparing for Shoulder Replacement Surgery

Before undergoing shoulder arthroplasty, patients typically go through the following steps:

1. Medical Evaluation – This includes imaging tests such as X-rays or MRI scans to assess joint damage. Some medications may need to be adjusted to reduce surgical risks.
2. Preoperative Assessment – Discussions are held about anaesthesia, potential risks, and recovery expectations.
3. Prehabilitation – This may involve physiotherapy to strengthen surrounding muscles and prepare the shoulder for surgery.
4. Fasting Before Surgery – Patients are typically required to fast for 6-8 hours before surgery to reduce the risk of complications during anaesthesia.

It is important to adhere to pre-surgery instructions to ensure a smoother procedure and a lower risk of complications.